{"id":2360,"date":"2025-10-02T23:06:41","date_gmt":"2025-10-02T23:06:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dfoto.pl\/?page_id=2360"},"modified":"2025-10-02T23:09:26","modified_gmt":"2025-10-02T23:09:26","slug":"iv-c-tlenki-o-stosunku-metalu-do-tlenu-23-35","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dfoto.pl\/index.php\/about\/mineraly\/iv-tlenki-i-wodorotlenki\/iv-c-tlenki-o-stosunku-metalu-do-tlenu-23-35\/","title":{"rendered":"IV\/C \u2013 Tlenki o stosunku metalu do tlenu 2:3, 3:5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"714\"><strong data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"86\">Grupa IV\/C Strunza (2025) \u2013 Tlenki o stosunku metalu do tlenu 2:3, 3:5 i pokrewnym<\/strong> obejmuje przede wszystkim <strong data-start=\"113\" data-end=\"135\">seskwiotlenki M\u2082O\u2083<\/strong>, a tak\u017ce <strong data-start=\"145\" data-end=\"191\" data-is-only-node=\"\">tlenki typu ABO\u2083 (ilmenitowe\/perowskitowe)<\/strong> oraz <strong data-start=\"197\" data-end=\"230\">uk\u0142ady 2:5 (pseudobrookitowe)<\/strong> i serie pokrewne (np. h\u00f6gbomity, pseudorutil). To najcz\u0119\u015bciej zwi\u0105zki o wi\u0105zaniach jonowo-kowalencyjnych, zwykle nieprzezroczyste, o wysokiej g\u0119sto\u015bci i odporno\u015bci chemicznej; cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 wykazuje w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci magnetyczne lub wysokie temperatury powstawania (magmowe, metamorficzne, meteorytowe). Podzia\u0142 dzia\u0142u IV\/C w Strunz-Mindat (2025) prowadzony jest m.in. \u201ewed\u0142ug wielko\u015bci kation\u00f3w\u201d i obejmuje podgrupy z M:O = 2:3, 3:5 i formu\u0142ami pokrewnymi.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"716\" data-end=\"1308\">Do reprezentatywnych minera\u0142\u00f3w nale\u017c\u0105 <strong data-start=\"754\" data-end=\"764\">korund<\/strong> Al\u2082O\u2083, <strong data-start=\"772\" data-end=\"783\">hematyt<\/strong> Fe\u2082O\u2083, <strong data-start=\"791\" data-end=\"803\">eskolait<\/strong> Cr\u2082O\u2083, <strong data-start=\"811\" data-end=\"822\">biksbit<\/strong> (bixbyite) Mn\u2082O\u2083\/Fe\u2082O\u2083; z uk\u0142ad\u00f3w ABO\u2083 \u2013 <strong data-start=\"864\" data-end=\"875\">ilmenit<\/strong> FeTiO\u2083, <strong data-start=\"884\" data-end=\"897\">geikielit<\/strong> MgTiO\u2083, <strong data-start=\"906\" data-end=\"919\">pirofanit<\/strong> MnTiO\u2083 oraz perowskitowe <strong data-start=\"945\" data-end=\"958\">macedonit<\/strong> PbTiO\u2083 i <strong data-start=\"968\" data-end=\"983\">pauloabibit<\/strong> NaNbO\u2083; z rodzin 2:5 \u2013 <strong data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1024\">pseudobrookit<\/strong> Fe\u2082TiO\u2085, <strong data-start=\"1034\" data-end=\"1048\">armalkolit<\/strong> (Mg,Fe\u00b2\u207a)Ti\u2082O\u2085, <strong data-start=\"1065\" data-end=\"1087\">ferropseudobrookit<\/strong> Fe\u00b2\u207aTi\u2082O\u2085, <strong data-start=\"1099\" data-end=\"1112\">griffinit<\/strong> Al\u2082TiO\u2085; a w\u015br\u00f3d z\u0142o\u017conych tlenk\u00f3w \u2013 serie <strong data-start=\"1156\" data-end=\"1180\">crichtonitu\/davidytu<\/strong> i pokrewne. Zestaw ten odpowiada bie\u017c\u0105cej tabeli Strunz-Mindat (2025) dla dzia\u0142u <strong data-start=\"1262\" data-end=\"1269\">4.C<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2362\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2362\" style=\"width: 200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2362\" src=\"http:\/\/dfoto.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Hematyt_179_037.jpg\" alt=\"37. Hematyt\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dfoto.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Hematyt_179_037.jpg 200w, https:\/\/dfoto.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Hematyt_179_037-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dfoto.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Hematyt_179_037-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2362\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">37. Hematyt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Grupa IV\/C Strunza (2025) \u2013 Tlenki o stosunku metalu do tlenu 2:3, 3:5 i pokrewnym obejmuje przede wszystkim seskwiotlenki M\u2082O\u2083,&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2362,"parent":2248,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2360","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Grupa IV\/C Strunza (2025) \u2013 Tlenki o stosunku metalu do tlenu 2:3, 3:5 i pokrewnym obejmuje przede wszystkim seskwiotlenki M\u2082O\u2083, a tak\u017ce tlenki typu ABO\u2083 (ilmenitowe\/perowskitowe) oraz uk\u0142ady 2:5 (pseudobrookitowe) i serie pokrewne (np. h\u00f6gbomity, pseudorutil). 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